Efeitos do treinamento muscular inspiratório em pacientes com fibrose cística
Effects inspiratory muscle training in patients with cystic fibrosis
Fernanda Maria Vendrusculo, Márcio Vinícius Fagundes Donadio
Resumo
Introdução: O treinamento muscular inspiratório pode ser uma forma de evitar a fadiga muscular inspiratória, retardar a dispneia, melhorar a capacidade ventilatória durante o exercício e a qualidade de vida; no entanto, existe a necessidade de se estabelecer se esta intervenção é benéfica para pacientes com fibrose cística. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de protocolos de treinamento muscular inspiratório em pacientes com fibrose cística. Métodos: A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados Medline/Pubmed, Lilacs, PEDro e Scielo, selecionando ensaios clínicos e desenhos cross-over, utilizando os seguintes termos: cystic fibrosis/fibrose cística, inspiratory muscle training / treinamento muscular inspiratório, inspiratory muscle endurance/resistência muscular inspiratória, respiratory muscle endurance/resistência muscular respiratória. Resultados: Foram incluídos, nesta revisão, seis estudos que se enquadram nos critérios de inclusão. A força muscular inspiratória foi avaliada em cinco estudos e apresentou um aumento, após o treinamento, em quatro deles. A endurance muscular inspiratória foi avaliada em três estudos e houve um aumento em todos eles. A função pulmonar foi avaliada em cinco estudos e não houve melhora significativa nos valores de volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF 1 ). Cinco estudos avaliaram a tolerância ao exercício e houve um aumento em três deles. Conclusão: A análise realizada demonstrou que os maiores efeitos do treinamento muscular inspiratório são em relação à força e à endurance muscular inspiratória; no entanto, o aumento nessas variáveis, após o treinamento, parece não resultar em modificações importantes na função pulmonar.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Backgroud: The inspiratory muscle training may be a way to avoid inspiratory muscle fatigue, retard dyspnea, improve ventilatory capacity during exercise and quality of life; however, there is need to establish whether this intervention is beneficial to patients with cystic fibrosis. Objective: To evaluate the effects of inspiratory muscle training protocols in patients with cystic fibrosis. Methods: The research was performed using Medline/ Pubmed, Lilacs, PEDro e Scielo databases, selecting clinical trials and cross-over design studies, using the following terms: cystic fibrosis/fibrose cística, inspiratory muscle training/treinamento muscular inspiratório, inspiratory muscle endurance/resistência muscular inspiratória, respiratory muscle endurance/resistência muscular respiratória. Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The inspiratory muscle strength was assessed in 5 studies, presenting an increase after the training protocol in 4 of them. The inspiratory muscle endurance was evaluated in 3 studies and there was an increase in all of them. Pulmonary function was assessed in 5 studies and there was no significant improvement in the values of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1 ). Five studies evaluated exercise tolerance and there was an increase in 3 of them. Conclusion: The analysis showed that the greatest effects of inspiratory muscle training are related to inspiratory muscle strength and endurance; however, the increase in these variables after training appears not to result in significant lung function changes.
Keywords
Referências
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