Efeitos e modos de aplicação da eletroestimulação neuromuscular em pacientes críticos
Effects and application modes of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in critical ill patients
Ana Carolina Almeida da Silva, Felipe Pereira de Aguiar, Lidiane Aparecida Santos Sousa, Michel Pablo dos Santos Ferreira Silva, Natali Lima Moschella, Giulliano Gardenghi
Resumo
Introdução: O paciente crítico se encontra sujeito aos diversos efeitos deletérios do imobilismo. Entre eles a perda de força muscular precoce é o que mais chama atenção. A eletroestimulação neuromuscular (EENM) surge como uma alternativa ao tratamento convencional para esses indivíduos. Objetivo: Este trabalho tem o intuito de verificar a aplicabilidade e os resultados da eletroestimulação neuromuscular em pacientes críticos. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com artigos publicados entre 1987 e 2015, utilizando-se os seguintes termos para pesquisa: eletroestimulação, unidade de terapia intensiva, cuidados críticos, resultado de tratamento e sepse. Resultados: Observou-se que na maioria dos estudos, houve aumento da força muscular nos grupos eletroestimulados. Foi verificada também diminuição no tempo de desmame da ventilação mecânica. Conclusão: A EENM apresentou-se efetiva na manutenção ou ganho de força muscular, nos artigos estudados.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Introduction: The critical ill patient is subject to various deleterious effects of immobility. Among them the early loss of muscle strength is the most remarkable. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an alternative to conventional treatment for these individuals. Objective: This study aims to verify the applicability and results of NMES in critically ill patients. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted, with articles published between 1987 and 2015, using the following search terms: electrical stimulation, intensive care unit, critical care, treatment outcome and sepsis. Results: It was observed that in most studies, there was an increase in muscle strength in the electrically stimulated groups. A decrease in time spent in the weaning of mechanical ventilation was also observed. Conclusion: The NMES showed to be effective in maintaining or gaining muscle strength in the studied articles.
Keywords
Referências
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